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ROX (6-Carboxyl-X-Rhodamine) NHS

ROX

Code : [ROX-N]

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picture of ROX (6-Carboxyl-X-Rhodamine) NHS

Modification : ROX

Catalog Reference Number
Category
Modification Code
5 Prime
3 Prime
Internal
Molecular Weight (mw)
Extinction Coeficient (ec)
Technical Info (pdf)
Absorbance MAX
Emission MAX
Absorbance EC



26-6430
Fluorescent Dyes
[ROX-N]
Y
Y
Y
516.6
22.5
PS26-6430-02.pdf
588
608
-


Catalog NoScalePrice
26-6430-0550 nmol$308.00
26-6430-02200 nmol$308.00
26-6430-011 umol$487.00
26-6430-032 umol$636.00
26-6430-065 umol$1,561.50
26-6430-1010 umol$2,780.00
26-6430-1515 umol$3,475.00

ROX modification is a post synthesis conjugation to a primary amino group thus an additional modification with an amino group is required. A C6 or C12 amino group can be placed at the 5' or for the 3' end a C3 or C7 amino and for internal positions an amino modified base is used, e.g Amino dT C6.

YIELD
NHS based modifications are post synthesis conjugation performed using a primary amino group. The yield is lower as compared to direct automated coupling of modifications that are available as amidites. Approximate yield for various scales are given below.

~2 nmol final yield for 50 nmol scale synthesis.
~5 nmol final yield for 200 nmol scale synthesis.
~16 nmol final yield for 1 umol scale synthesis

6-Carboxyl-X-Rhodamine (ROX) is a red fluorescent dye used for labeling oligonucleotides. ROX has an absorbance maximum of 588 nm and an emission maximum of 608 nm. ROX plays an important role in real-time PCR applications, being primarily used as the passive reference dye for normalization of the fluorescent signals produced by the dye(s) attached to the various probes (TaqMan (1), Molecular Beacon (2), etc.) as reporter dyes. Such normalization is needed to correct for well-to-well signal fluctuations (which are often due to the design of the instrument). If another dye is used as the reference, a ROX-modified oligo probe can then be used in real-time PCR assays. In such cases, ROX is most commonly paired with the dark quencher BHQ-2, as the two have excellent spectral overlap.

ROX can be used to label DNA oligos for use as hybridization probes in a variety of in vivo and in vitro research or diagnostic applications, as well as for structure-function studies of DNA, RNA, and protein-oligonucleotide complexes. Oligos labeled with ROX at the 5’-end can be used as PCR and DNA sequencing primers to generate fluorescently-labeled PCR, sequencing or genetic analysis (AFLP or microsatellite) products.

Because ROX currently only is produced in the form of an NHS ester, oligos first must be synthesized with an Amino Linker modification (either at the ends or internally). The ROX NHS ester is then manually attached to the oligo through the amino group in a separate reaction post-synthesis.

Applied Biosystems Proprietary Dyes & Possible Substitutions

Dye

Color

Absorbance max (nm)

Emission max (nm)

VIC Pink Red 538 554
Cal Orange 560 Pink Red 537 558
HEX Pink Red 535 556
NED Red Orange 546 575
Cy3 Red Orange 550 570
PET Red Orange 558 595
Cy3.5 Red 588 604
ROX Red 575 602
CAL Fluor Red 590 Red 569 591
Texas Red Red 583 603

Click here for a list of fluorophores.


References
1. Livak, K.J., Flood, S.J.A., Marmaro, J., Giusti, W., Deetz, K. Oligonucleotides with fluorescent dyes at opposite ends provide a quenched probe system useful for detecting PCR product and nucleic acid hybridization.PCR Methods Appl. (1995), 4: 1-6.
2. Tyagi, S., Kramer, F.R. Molecular beacons: probes that fluoresce upon hybridization. Nat. Biotechnol. (1996), 14: 303-308.
- ROX (6-Carboxyl-X-Rhodamine) NHS

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